Enhancing Wireless Communication: Hybrid Precoding Techniques for Massive MIMO in Sub-6 GHz and mm Wave Bands
Keywords:
Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output, Channel State Information, Base Station, Long Term Evaluation, Hybrid Precoding, Sub-6 GHz, mm Wave Technologies, Wireless Communication.Abstract
Massive many Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology uses base station (BS) arrays of many antennas to provide high spatial resolution for serving multiple users at once and enhance signals using beamforming. Despite being in use for decades, small-scale MIMO technology has produced very minor practical advantages because of the tiny number of antennas—which are insufficient to give enough spatial resolution for multiplexing multiple streams. In practical applications, massive MIMO has demonstrated notable gains in spectral efficiency and has made it possible to acquire channel state information (CSI). Massive MIMO has become a crucial component of 5G as a result of 3GPP continuously increasing the maximum number of antennas in Long Term Evaluation (LTE) and enabling up to 64 antennas in Release 15. This study addresses popular misconceptions while examining these differences and their implications. Expanding upon this framework, we provide efficient signal precoding techniques and realistic scenarios to fully realize the potential of Massive MIMO in sub-6 GHz and mmWave frequencies.
